Behavioral Barriers to Employee Household Compliance with a Waste Separation Pilot Program in Company-Provided Plantation Housing: A Qualitative Case Study of PT Bisma Dharma Kencana

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Agusta, Fendra (2026) Behavioral Barriers to Employee Household Compliance with a Waste Separation Pilot Program in Company-Provided Plantation Housing: A Qualitative Case Study of PT Bisma Dharma Kencana. Masters thesis, IPMI Institute.

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Abstract

For palm oil companies that manage their own residential areas, household waste, especially its separation, has become a regulatory and operational concern. In late 2025, PT Bisma Dharma Kencana (PT BDK) launched a pilot waste separation program after receiving a Red PROPER rating. Despite the company providing the required facilities (bins labeled for organic, non-organic, and residual waste, regular collection, and staff to pick up the waste), the pilot produced low compliance among residents and high waste contamination. This suggested that the obstacles are not mainly technical but behavioral and managerial. The study therefore examined the behavioral and organizational barriers to household waste separation in the plantation housing of PT BDK, in order to understand why participation remained low and to develop practical recommendations that can improve compliance and support the program's expansion across the company's housing communities. The study used a qualitative single case study design, drawing on semi-structured interviews with selected households and company management, direct observation of waste handling, and a review of program documents, analyzed through framework-guided thematic analysis. It adopted an extended Theory of Planned Behavior, combining attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and moral norm with four organizational factors: communication, training, supervision, and incentives. The findings show that low compliance is not mainly a problem of motivation. Residents were largely willing, and their attitude and moral norm were strong, while subjective norm was weak and household-level provisioning was missing. Moral norm was stronger than subjective norm, the reverse of what standard TPB predicts. On the organizational side, communication ran one way, training was weakest, supervision worked only under watch, and incentives were absent. These combined into five interacting barriers. The study concludes that the barriers are structural and social, and offers low-cost recommendations grouped by the party able to act: company management, government, and residents.

Keywords: household waste separation; Theory of Planned Behavior; moral norm; behavioral barriers; plantation housing; qualitative case study

Item Type:	Thesis (Masters)
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General)
Divisions:	Thesis > Bachelor of Business Administration
Depositing User:	sandra margaretha
Date Deposited:	28 Sep 2026 02:33
Last Modified:	28 Sep 2026 02:33
URI:	http://repository.ipmi.ac.id/id/eprint/3026

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